@MastersThesis{Cairo:2015:CaTePr,
author = "Cairo, Carolline Tressmann",
title = "Caracteriza{\c{c}}{\~a}o temporal das propriedades
bio-{\'o}ticas do reservat{\'o}rio de Ibitinga/SP",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2015",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2015-04-08",
keywords = "caracteriza{\c{c}}{\~a}o bio-{\'o}tica, monitoramento da
qualidade da {\'a}gua, reservat{\'o}rio tropical, componentes
oticamente ativos, propriedades {\'o}ticas, bio-optic
characterization, water quality monitoring, tropical reservoir,
optically active components, optical properties.",
abstract = "O grau de trofia dos reservat{\'o}rios vem sendo alterado por
mudan{\c{c}}as das condi{\c{c}}{\~o}es ambientais decorrentes
das atividades antr{\'o}picas, promovendo e intensificando o
processo de eutrofiza{\c{c}}{\~a}o nesses ambientes de
transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre rios e lagos e, consequentemente,
deteriorando a qualidade das {\'a}guas superficiais. O
monitoramento da qualidade da {\'a}gua desses ecossistemas
aqu{\'a}ticos, ao longo do tempo e do espa{\c{c}}o, visa tanto
assegurar seus m{\'u}ltiplos usos como orientar as
pol{\'{\i}}ticas ambientais e de sa{\'u}de p{\'u}blica. As
propriedades {\'o}ticas dos sistemas aqu{\'a}ticos s{\~a}o
indicadores de propriedades biogeoqu{\'{\i}}micas, permitindo o
seu monitoramento por meio de sensores da cor da {\'a}gua. A
an{\'a}lise das propriedades bio-{\'o}ticas dos sistemas
aqu{\'a}ticos pode dar subs{\'{\i}}dio ao desenvolvimento de
modelos para a estimativa de seus componentes oticamente ativos
(COAs) a partir de imagens de sensoriamento remoto, sendo,
portanto, de grande relev{\^a}ncia para a expans{\~a}o das
aplica{\c{c}}{\~o}es dessa tecnologia. Como o desenvolvimento de
modelos requer informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es bio-{\'o}ticas que cubram
um amplo range de varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos COAs e das propriedades
{\'o}ticas inerentes e aparentes, a hip{\'o}tese que motiva esta
pesquisa {\'e} determinar em que {\'e}poca do ano, dentre as
analisadas, obt{\^e}m-se a maior amplitude de
varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos COAs e das propriedades {\'o}ticas para
o mesmo n{\'u}mero de amostras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi
caracterizar a variabilidade espa{\c{c}}o-temporal das
propriedades bio-{\'o}ticas do reservat{\'o}rio de Ibitinga/SP,
a partir de dados radiom{\'e}tricos e limnol{\'o}gicos coletados
\emph{in-situ} de fevereiro a julho de 2014. Em cada
esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o amostral foram adquiridos perfis das seguintes
vari{\'a}veis {\'o}ticas: coeficientes de absor{\c{c}}{\~a}o,
atenua{\c{c}}{\~a}o e retroespalhamento, bem como espectros de
radi{\^a}ncias/irradi{\^a}ncias acima e na coluna
d\${'}\${\'a}gua, sendo que estas medidas permitiram calcular o
K\$_{d}\$ e a R\$_{RS}\$. Concomitante com estas medidas,
amostras de {\'a}gua foram coletadas para
determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o das concentra{\c{c}}{\~o}es dos
constituintes oticamente ativos e dos coeficientes de
absor{\c{c}}{\~a}o de particulados e de CDOM. Os valores
m{\'{\i}}nimos e m{\'a}ximos do coeficiente de
atenua{\c{c}}{\~a}o difusa da irradi{\^a}ncia descendente
ponderado para a radia{\c{c}}{\~a}o fotossinteticamente ativa (
\$^{w}\$K\$_{d}\$\$_{(av)}\$ PAR) ao longo das campanhas de
campo foram respectivamente 0,99 m\$^{-1}\$ e 3,45 m-\$^{1}\$.
J{\'a} a faixa de concentra{\c{c}}{\~o}es m{\'e}dias dos COAs
foi de 14,39 a 16,17 mg/L para o carbono total dissolvido (DTC),
11,46 a 100,53 \$\mu\$g/L para clorofila-a e 1,83 a 14,53 mg/L
para o material em suspens{\~a}o total (MST). Os valores
m{\'{\i}}nimo e m{\'a}ximo de absor{\c{c}}{\~a}o por CDOM em
440 nm foram 0,730 m\$^{-1}\$ e 1,708 m\$^{-1}\$,
respectivamente. Observou-se em todas as esta{\c{c}}{\~o}es
amostrais baixa disponibilidade de luz na regi{\~a}o do azul na
profundidade de 1 metro, evidenciando que a absor{\c{c}}{\~a}o
por CDOM {\'e} significativa no reservat{\'o}rio no
per{\'{\i}}odo amostrado. Al{\'e}m disso, verificou-se que a
variabilidade do Kd {\'e} influenciada principalmente pela
presen{\c{c}}a de fitopl{\^a}ncton e CDOM no reservat{\'o}rio,
sendo que a R\$_{RS}\$ tamb{\'e}m mostrou tend{\^e}ncias
semelhantes. Disso se conclui que a an{\'a}lise de todos os dados
indicou mudan{\c{c}}as das propriedades {\'o}ticas no
espa{\c{c}}o e no tempo, sendo m{\'a}xima a variabilidade
espacial nos meses de chuva e m{\'{\i}}nima nos meses secos e
frios. Ao longo do tempo, do ver{\~a}o para o inverno, as
propriedades {\'o}ticas do reservat{\'o}rio tendem a ser cada
vez mais dominadas pelo CDOM. ABSTRACT: Reservoir\${'}\$s
trophic level has been drastically changed by alterations in the
environmental conditions derived from human activities causing
eutrophication and deterioration of the quality of surface waters.
Water quality in time and space helps to ensure
reservoir\${'}\$s multiple uses and provides guidelines for
public health policies. The optical properties of aquatic systems
are indicators of biogeochemical properties, allowing their
monitoring by the color water sensors. The analysis of bio-optical
properties of aquatic systems can give subsidy to the development
of models for the estimation of its optically active components
(AOCs) from remote sensing images, and is therefore of great
importance for the expansion of applications of this technology.
As the development of models requires bio-optical information
covering a wide range of AOCs and the inherent and apparent
optical properties variation, the hypothesis that motivates this
research is to determine in what time of the year, among the
analyzed, is obtained the greatest amplitude variation of AOCs and
optical properties for the same number of samples. The aim of this
study is to characterize the temporal and spatial variability of
the bio-optical properties of the Ibitinga/SP reservoir using
radiometric and limnological data collected in-situ throughout the
year between February and July of 2014. At each sampling station
the profiles were acquired in the following optical variable:
absorption, attenuation and backscattering coefficients, as well
as the radiance/irradiance spectrums above and in the water
column, and these measures allowed to calculate the K\$_{d}\$
and R\$_{r}\$s. Concurrently with these measures, water samples
were collected to determine the concentrations of optically active
constituents and absorption coefficients of particles and CDOM.
The minimum and maximum values of the downward irradiance-weighted
diffuse attenuation coefficient for the photosynthetically active
radiation ( \$^{w}\$K\$_{d}\$\$_{(av)}\$ PAR) over the field
campaigns were respectively 0.99 m\$^{-1}\$ and 3.45
m\$^{-1}\$. The average intervals of the concentrations of AOCs
was 14.39 to 16.17 mg/L for dissolved total carbon (DTC), 11.46 to
100.53 \$\mu\$g/L for chlorophyll-a and 1.83 to 14.53 mg/L for
total suspended material (MST). The minimum and maximum values of
absorption in 440 nm by CDOM were 0.730 m\$^{-1}\$ and 1.708
m\$^{-1}\$, respectively. It was noted that in all stations
there is low light availability in blue region in one meter,
evidencing that absorption by CDOM is significant in the reservoir
over the months in stations. Furthermore, it was found in this
study that the K\$_{d}\$ variability is influenced mainly by the
presence of phytoplankton and CDOM in the reservoir, and the
R\$_{rs}\$ also showed similar trends. The analysis of all data
indicated changes in the optical properties in space and time,
being the spatial variability maximum in the rainy months and
minimum in dry and cold months. Over time, from summer to winter,
the reservoir optical properties tend to be increasingly dominated
by CDOM.",
committee = "Barbosa, Cl{\'a}udio Clemente Faria (presidente/orientador) and
Calijuri, Maria do Carmo (orientadora) and Novo, Evlyn M{\'a}rcia
Le{\~a}o de Moraes and Galv{\~a}o, L{\^e}nio Soares and Pereira
Filho, Waterloo",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Temporal characterization of the bio-optical properties of the
Ibitinga/SP reservoir",
language = "pt",
pages = "147",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3J4KK5E",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3J4KK5E",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}